Cigarette smoking has many detrimental effects. Systemic effects include increased incidences of cancers, coronary heart disease and lung problems. Dental effects include increased incidence and severity of periodontal disease and less improvements in periodontal and implant treatment outcomes. The effect appears to be dose dependent (> 10 cigarettes per day) with increased incidence of periodontal diseases and a less favourable response to treatment outcomes. Smoking has been established as a risk factor for periodontitis. Despite this knowledge, the incidence of smoking still appears to be increasing especially in the younger population. Therefore smoking prevention and cessation advice is an important part of patient management. Indeed if one is realistic many smokers find it difficult to give up smoking or do not want to quit the habit and therefore researchers should also focus their efforts in finding the best periodontal treatment options available to obtain the most significant improvements for these patients.
SMOKING AND PERIODONTAL DISEASES
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- Publié le . Paru dans Réalités Cliniques n°3 - 15 septembre 2003 (page 293)
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